What is Celar?
Celar is an EVM-equivalent Layer 1 blockchain where the things public blockchains expose — balances, transaction amounts, contract state — are encrypted at the protocol level using threshold fully homomorphic encryption (FHE). Smart contracts compute directly on encrypted values; nothing is decrypted during execution. Privacy is not an app you opt into. It is the data plane.
The problem it solves
On Ethereum and every major smart-contract chain, all state is world-readable. Payroll, treasury operations, trading strategy, supplier pricing — all leak by default, and public mempools let insiders systematically front-run users (MEV). Pseudonymous addresses don't help: one linked payment can expose an entire financial history.
Three privacy tiers, one chain
- FHE tier — programmable confidentiality. Balances and contract state are TFHE ciphertexts evaluated on-chain. Transfers are branchless: success and failure are indistinguishable to any observer.
- Stealth layer — unlinkable recipients. Every payment lands on a fresh one-time stealth address; bonded relayers obfuscate senders.
- ZK shielded pool — trustless payments. A Groth16 shielded pool with 192-byte proofs whose privacy survives even a fully colluding validator set.
What stays public — on purpose
Total supply is verifiable every block, so confidentiality can never hide inflation. Celar also publishes a full leakage matrix stating exactly what each tier hides, from which adversaries, and what still leaks (timing, gas tier, v1 call targets) — disclosed with a mitigation roadmap rather than hidden behind adjectives.